doi: 10.62486/gen202465
ORIGINAL
Scientific production related to the impact of logistics on gentrification processes
Producción científica relacionada con el impacto de la logística en los procesos de gentrificación
Yasniel
Sánchez Suárez1 
*,
Maylín Marqués León1 *,
Arialys Hernández Nariño2 *
1Universidad de Matanzas. Matanzas, Cuba.
2Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Matanzas. Matanzas, Cuba.
Cite as: Sánchez Suárez Y, Marqués León M, Hernández Nariño A. Scientific production related to the impact of logistics on gentrification processes. Gentrification. 2024; 2:65. https://doi.org/10.62486/gen202465
Submitted: 01-07-2023 Revised: 17-11-2023 Accepted: 19-03-2024 Published: 20-03-2024
Editor: Estela
Hernández-Runque
Corresponding author: Yasniel Sánchez Suárez *
ABSTRACT
Logistics has a significant impact on gentrification processes, as it facilitates the transformation of urban areas by improving connectivity and access to essential services, can lead to the arrival of large commercial chains and the modernization of local services, which transforms the cultural identity of the community and exacerbates social tensions between new and old inhabitants. The objective is to analyze the scientific production related to the impacts of logistics on gentrification processes. A quantitative type of research was developed, based on a retrospective and descriptive study, with a bibliometric approach, in the SCOPUS database during the period from 1987 to 2024, without language restriction. The behavior of the research was heterogeneous, with a predominance of research articles with 39 in the area of social sciences. The most productive country was the United States with research that directly influences the transformation of urban areas and the dynamics of the housing market. Two lines of scientific research related to residential segregation and its effects on the health of Caucasian adults and gentrification and its effects on the housing market in urban areas were identified. Logistics significantly impacts urban gentrification processes by improving connectivity and access to essential services, attracting new, higher-income residents and transforming the community’s cultural identity, which poses challenges in terms of equity and social sustainability.
Keywords: Bibliometric Analysis; Gentrification; Logistics; Urban Transformation.
RESUMEN
La logística tiene un impacto significativo en los procesos de gentrificación, ya que facilita la transformación de áreas urbanas al mejorar la conectividad y el acceso a servicios esenciales, puede llevar a la llegada de grandes cadenas comerciales y la modernización de los servicios locales, lo que transforma la identidad cultural de la comunidad y exacerba las tensiones sociales entre los nuevos y antiguos habitantes. El objetivo es analizar la producción científica relacionada con los impactos de la logística en los procesos de gentrificación. Se desarrolló una investigación de tipo cuantitativa, a partir de un estudio retrospectivo y descriptivo, con un enfoque bibliométrico, en la base de datos SCOPUS durante el período de 1987 a 2024, sin restricción en el idioma. El comportamiento de las investigaciones fue heterogéneo, donde predominaron los artículos de investigación con 39 en el área de las ciencias sociales. El país más productor fue Estados Unidos con investigaciones que influye directamente en la transformación de áreas urbanas y en la dinámica del mercado de vivienda. Se identificaron dos líneas de investigación científicas relacionadas con la segregación residencial y sus efectos en la salud de adultos caucásicos y la gentrificación y sus efectos en el mercado
de vivienda en áreas urbanas. La logística impacta significativamente en los procesos de gentrificación urbana al mejorar la conectividad y el acceso a servicios esenciales, atrayendo nuevos residentes de mayores ingresos y transformando la identidad cultural de la comunidad, lo que plantea desafíos en términos de equidad y sostenibilidad social.
Palabras clave: Análisis Bibliométrico; Gentrificación; Logística; Transformación Urbana.
INTRODUCTION
Logistics is a fundamental discipline in supply chain management,(1) which encompasses planning, implementing, and controlling the efficient and effective flow of goods, services, and information from the point of origin to the final consumer.(2) This process includes various activities, such as transportation,(3) warehousing,(4) inventory management,(4) and distribution.(5) It focuses on the physical movement of products and involves coordinating human(6) and technological(7) resources to ensure that products reach their destination at the right time and in optimal conditions. In an increasingly globalized world, logistics has become a key factor for the competitiveness of companies(8,9) since efficient management can reduce costs, optimize capacity at the strategic level,(10) and improve customer satisfaction.(11)
Logistics processes are complex and require meticulous attention to each stage to maximize efficiency.(12) From receipt of raw materials to delivery of the final product, each step must be carefully planned and executed. The implementation of advanced technologies, such as transportation management systems,(13) warehouse management software,(14) and data analysis tools,(14) has enabled companies to optimize their logistics operations.(15)
These technologies facilitate real-time tracking of shipments,(16,17) inventory management, and demand forecasting, enabling companies to adapt quickly to market fluctuations and improve decision-making. (10,18) In addition, process automation,(19) such as the use of robots in warehouses,(20) has increased efficiency and reduced human error, resulting in a leaner and more effective supply chain.(21)
Logistics significantly impacts gentrification processes,(22,23) as it facilitates the transformation of urban areas by improving connectivity and access to essential services.(24) As companies invest in logistics infrastructure, such as transportation networks and distribution centers, previously marginalized neighborhoods become more attractive,(25) attracting new, higher-income residents in search of convenience and accessibility.(26) This revitalization can result in higher housing prices and cost of living, displacing low-income residents who cannot afford these changes.(27)
In addition, improved logistics can lead to the arrival of large commercial chains(28,29) and the modernization of local services,(30) which transforms the cultural identity of the community and exacerbates social tensions between new and old residents.(31) In this context, logistics not only acts as a driver of urban development but also poses challenges regarding equity and social sustainability.(32,33)
This can result in a revitalization of the area,(34) with the opening of new stores and services that attract a more affluent clientele.(35) However, this process also increases housing prices and the cost of living, forcing low-income residents to move to peripheral areas where the quality of life and access to services may be lower.
In this sense, this research aims to analyze the scientific production related to the impacts of logistics on gentrification processes.
METHOD
A quantitative type of research(36,37) was developed, based on a retrospective and descriptive study, with a bibliometric approach(38,39,40,41), to analyze the scientific production related to the impact of logistics on gentrification processes in the SCOPUS database (https://www.scopus.com/) during the period from 1987 to 2024, without language restriction. However, priority was given to articles in English.
The main thematic descriptors used for the search formula were women, entrepreneurship, and constraints; the search formula was TITLE-ABS-KEY (“gentrification” AND “logistics”). The inclusion criteria were to select all articles of relevance and quality that explicitly addressed the three thematic descriptors defined. The strategy was carried out on September 02, 2024, and 45 research papers (n=45) were collected. Two researchers downloaded an “RIS” file format and analyzed it independently in the EndNote X8 bibliographic manager.
Bibliometric indicators
Table 1 shows the description of the bibliometric indicators analyzed in the present study.
|
Table 1. Bibliometric indicators |
||
|
Type of indicator |
Indicator |
Description |
|
Trend |
Trend of investigations by year |
The number of investigations per year and their trend were analyzed based on the representation of the trend line and its level of fit (R2). |
|
Production |
Scientific production by type of document |
An analysis was made of the number of research and review articles identified. |
|
Scientific production by area of knowledge |
An analysis was made of the number of articles by area of knowledge. |
|
|
Scientific production by country |
An analysis of the number of articles per country and the levels of introduction of results was carried out using a density map. |
|
Source of information: Indicators were obtained from the SCOPUS database, where .XLSX files were downloaded in Excel format.
Construction of knowledge maps
Vosviewer software and the Lens platform were used to create the knowledge maps, where the maps were constructed:
· Inter-country collaboration network: the objective was to analyze the main collaboration clusters between countries and possible knowledge transfers between regions.
· Keyword cooccurrence network: an analysis of keyword cooccurrence was carried out based on the bibliometric network map. An analysis of the main clusters was carried out to identify possible lines of research.
· Citation map: an analysis was made of the main citations in the period, according to the level of access to the publications and the comparison between the levels of citations in open access and not in open access.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
The behavior of the investigations was heterogeneous (figure 1); in the period 1987 to 2016, the trend remained stable with average values between one and two investigations, while in the year 2017, it manifested an increase of up to seven investigations, an element that was maintained in the year 2021 and 2023, the trend was characterized by a polynomial function with a confidence level of 56,35 %.
Figure 1. Trend of investigations by year
Table 2 shows the scientific production by type of document, where research articles predominated with 39 (n=39), followed by events and review articles with two investigations (n=2). There was evidence of research in 17 areas of knowledge, with a predominance of research in social sciences with 33 researches, followed by environmental sciences and medicine with 12 (n=12) and 10 (n=10) researches, respectively.
|
Table 2. Scientific production by type of document |
|
|
Type of article |
Quantity |
|
Research article |
39 |
|
Event |
2 |
|
Review article |
2 |
|
Errata |
1 |
|
Short survey |
1 |
Figure 2 shows the scientific production by country, where the United States, with 33 research studies (n=33), was the largest producer, followed by Canada, with five research studies (n=5). Logistics plays a crucial role in the gentrification process in the United States,(42) as it directly influences the transformation of urban areas and the housing market dynamics.(43) As companies invest in transportation infrastructure and services, access to neighborhoods previously considered disadvantaged is facilitated, attracting new residents with higher incomes.(44)
This influx of capital and resources can result in a revitalization of the area.(45) However, it also leads to higher housing prices and cost of living, often displacing low-income residents who cannot afford these changes.(46) Improved logistics, including the development of public transportation and the creation of commercial space, can accelerate gentrification by turning areas into attractive destinations for middle- and upper-class.(47)
Figure 2. Scientific production by country
With a level of co-occurrence equal to or greater than one (n≥1), the network of collaboration between countries was constructed (figure 3); eight countries were identified and grouped into four clusters, wherein the center with strong links to all countries is the United States.
Figure 3. Collaboration network between countries
A keyword co-occurrence analysis was performed (figure 4), with a frequency equal to or greater than four (n≥4), where 20 items were identified, mainly grouped in two clusters; these were analyzed to identify lines of scientific research using cluster analysis.
Figure 4. Keyword Cooccurrence Network
Cluster analysis
Line of research 1: It was structured by 11 items and focused on the study of residential segregation and its effects on the health of Caucasian adults in California.
Objective: to investigate how residential characteristics and social segregation affect the health and well-being of Caucasian adults in California, considering differences between men and women.
Residential segregation, defined as the separation of groups into neighborhoods based on race, has been identified as an important cause of health disparities between whites and blacks in the United States.(48) A controlled study investigating how residential characteristics and social segregation affect the health and well-being of Caucasian adults in California(49,50) could provide valuable information, considering differences between men and women. This approach is relevant in California, where demographic diversity and segregation are critical issues in public health.(51) The findings could inform public health policies and intervention strategies to improve health equity in segregated populations.
Line of research 2: was structured by 9 items, and focused on gentrification and its effects on The housing market in urban areas of the United States.
Objective: to analyze how gentrification affects the housing market in urban areas of the United States, focusing on the dynamics of poverty and the demographics of the urban population.
Gentrification, defined as the process of urban renewal and redevelopment accompanied by the displacement of low-income residents by middle- and upper-class people, has significantly impacted the housing market in urban areas in the United States.(52) As new higher-income residents move into neighborhoods previously inhabited by low-income populations,(53) housing prices and rents increase dramatically, forcing the original inhabitants to seek more affordable housing in other city areas.(54)
Figure 5 shows the citation map where the first citations were evidenced in 2012 in journals that are not open access. The citation levels were low, but the highest number was from 2017 to 2012, with an average of 20 citations.
Figure 5. Map of citations
CONCLUSIONS
Logistics is fundamental in the efficient management of the supply chain, encompassing key activities such as transportation, warehousing, inventory management, and distribution, which enables cost reduction, capacity optimization, and improved customer satisfaction in a globalized environment where the implementation of advanced technologies in logistics processes, such as transportation management systems, warehouse management software, and data analysis tools, facilitates real-time tracking, inventory management, and demand forecasting, increasing the agility and effectiveness of the supply chain.
Logistics has a significant impact on urban gentrification processes by improving connectivity and access to essential services, attracting new higher-income residents, and transforming the cultural identity of the community, posing challenges in terms of equity and social sustainability, which can lead to the arrival of large commercial chains and the modernization of local services, resulting in a revitalization of the area but also in an increase in housing prices and cost of living, displacing low-income residents.
Scientific production is mainly concentrated in research articles (n=39), followed by events and review articles (n=2 each), covering 17 areas of knowledge, with a predominance of social sciences (n=33), environmental sciences (n=12), and medicine (n=10). The keyword co-occurrence analysis identified two main lines of research: (1) the study of residential segregation and its effects on the health of Caucasian adults in California, and (2) gentrification and its effects on the housing market in urban areas of the United States.
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FINANCING
The authors did not receive funding for the development of this research.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest.
AUTHORSHIP CONTRIBUTION
Conceptualization: Yasniel Sánchez Suárez, Maylín Marqués León, Arialys Hernández Nariño.
Data Curation: Yasniel Sánchez Suárez, Maylín Marqués León, Arialys Hernández Nariño
Formal analysis: Yasniel Sánchez Suárez, Maylín Marqués León, Arialys Hernández Nariño
Research: Yasniel Sánchez Suárez, Maylín Marqués León, Arialys Hernández Nariño
Methodology: Yasniel Sánchez Suárez, Maylín Marqués León, Arialys Hernández Nariño
Project Administration: Yasniel Sánchez Suárez, Maylín Marqués León, Arialys Hernández Nariño
Resources: Yasniel Sánchez Suárez, Maylín Marqués León, Arialys Hernández Nariño
Software: Yasniel Sánchez Suárez, Maylín Marqués León, Arialys Hernández Nariño
Supervision: Yasniel Sánchez Suárez, Maylín Marqués León, Arialys Hernández Nariño
Validation: Yasniel Sánchez Suárez, Maylín Marqués León, Arialys Hernández Nariño
Visualization: Yasniel Sánchez Suárez, Maylín Marqués León, Arialys Hernández Nariño
Writing - original draft: Yasniel Sánchez Suárez, Maylín Marqués León, Arialys Hernández Nariño
Writing - proofreading and editing: Yasniel Sánchez Suárez, Maylín Marqués León, Arialys Hernández Nariño.